Knowledge of Brazilian Dentists about Oral Cancer

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge level of dentists about oral cancer (OC) in Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil. Material and Methods: It was an observational, transversal, descriptive and analytical study. It was applied 200 structured forms. The sample was chosen for convenience. Statistical associations were performed using the Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests (P<0.05). Results: Of the 200 interviewed dentists, 66% (n=132) were women, the prevalent age group was 21-40 years (49.5%), 47% work at the private sector and 39% concluded their graduation 20 years ago. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was cited as the most common histopathologic type of OC (65.5%), and the most common anatomical site of OC was tongue (53.4%). The main risk factors cited for the developing of OC were licit and/or illicit drugs (99%), heredity (75.9%), dental problems (74.9%) and sun exposure (74.4%). There was a significant statistically association between the variables tobacco and/or alcohol use and gender of the dentists (P=0.001), between the knowledge level about OC and its histopathologic type and the more affected anatomical site (p=0.012 and p=0.034, respectively). Conclusion: The level of knowledge of dentists about OC is still insufficient for the performance of early diagnosis. Therefore, further discussions about this theme in dentistry schools should be conducted in order to train qualified professionals for this type of diagnosis.

Maxillofacial Trauma Resulting from Physical Violence against Older Adults: A 4-year Study in a Brazilian Forensic Service

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of maxillofacial trauma resulting from physical violence against older adults, describe patterns and identify factors associated with its occurrence. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from the assessment of 7,132 reports of victims of violence who sought a Brazilian Service of Forensic Medicine and Dentistry, during the period from January 2008 to December 2011. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-test square test and Poisson's univariate and multivariate regression (with robust variance) were performed using SPSS software version 20.0. The significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: A total of 259 older adults suffered physical violence. The occurrence of maxillofacial trauma was observed in 42.9% of the sample. Lesions in soft tissue (90.1%) affecting more than one region of the face (40.4%) were the most frequent. The prevalence of maxillofacial trauma was more frequent among individuals older than 66 years (PR = 1.166; 95% CI = 0.865- 1.572), males (PR = 1.119; 95% CI = 0.807-1.550), victims of violence occurred within the community (PR = 1.431; 95% CI = 0.951- 2.153), during the night shift (PR = 1.226; 95% CI = 0.911-1.651) and weekends (PR = 1.279; 95% CI = 0.955-1.714) performed without using blunt instrument (PR = 1.311; 95% CI = 0.932-1.846). Conclusion: The prevalence of maxillofacial trauma resulting from physical violence against older adults was high and soft tissue lesions affecting more than one face region were predominant.

Adenoma Pleomórfico em glândula submandibular: relato de caso e uma revisão dos achados atuais / Pleomorphic adenoma in the submandibular gland: a case report and review of current findings

Introdução: o adenoma pleomórfico é o tumor benigno de origem glandular mais freqüente na cavidade oral. Representa cerca de 70 a 90% dos tumores das glândulas salivares maiores, mais raramente na glândula submandibular. objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de adenoma pleomórfico localizado na glândula submandibular, tratado através de excisão cirúrgica. Relato de Caso: o presente artigo descreve um caso relativamente incomum em uma paciente do sexo feminino, 22 anos de idade, com queixa de dor e dificuldade para falar e um aumento de volume na região cervical com duração de aproximadamente 2 anos, sem história prévia de trauma, infeccção ou procedimento cirúrgico na região. Foi realizada exérese do tumor, cuja análise histopatológica diagnosticou adenoma pleomórfico. a paciente foi proservada pelo período de cinco anos, sem indícios de recidivas.

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of glandular origin most frequently in the oral cavity. This represents approximately 70-90% of tumors of the salivary glands, more rarely in the submandibular gland. objective: To report a case of pleomorphic adenoma located in the submandibular gland, treated by surgical excision. Case Report: This article describes a relatively unusual in a female patient, 22 years old, complaining of pain and difficulty speaking and a swelling in the neck with a duration of approximately two years, no history trauma, or surgical procedure infeccção in the region. We performed excision of the tumor, whose histopathology analysis diagnosed pleomorphic adenoma. The patient was accompanied for a period of five years without evidence of recurrence.

Potencial erosivo e cariogênico de anti-histamínicos de uso infantil / Erosive and cariogenic potential of pediatric anti-histaminic medicines

Objetivo: Avaliar in vitro o pH endógeno, a acidez total titulável (ATT), o teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST) e os açúcares totais de anti-histamínicos de uso infantil apresentados sob a forma de xarope. Materiais e método: Cinco medicamentos foram avaliados por meio de um experimento aleatório com análise em triplicata. A avaliação do pH foi feita por potenciometria e a capacidade tampão foi realizada por meio da diluição de cada uma das substâncias. Incrementos de 0,1 N KOH foram adicionados até que se atingisse a neutralida-de. As leituras do oBrix foram feitas por refratometria usando o refratômetro de Abbé. Resultados: As médias do pH variaram de 3,33 (loratadina) a 6,84 (agasten) e quatro medicamentos mostraram pH abaixo do valor crítico de 5,5. As médias da ATT variaram de 0,30 para a dexametasona a 2,41 para o maleato de dexclo-feniramina. A dexametasona apresentou o menor valor de SST (13,25%) e o maleato de dexclorfeniramina, o maior valor de SST (63,66%). No tocante aos açúcares totais, o percentual variou de 24,80% (loratadina) a 49,34% (maleato de dexclorfeniramina). Conclusão: Os anti-histamínicos analisados têm um alto potencial erosivo e cariogênico, visto que possuem um baixo pH e elevado teor de sólidos solúveis totais.